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UPSC CSE Zoology Optional Syllabus 2024

UPSC CSE Zoology Optional Syllabus for Paper-I, UPSC CSE Zoology Optional Syllabus for Paper-II upsc zoology optional books, upsc zoology optional books in hindi, zoology optional syllabus, zoology optional success rate, zoology optional notes for ias pdf, upsc optional subjects, zoology optional upsc, zoology book for upsc pdf
UPSC CSE Zoology Optional Syllabus for Paper-I
  • Non‐chordata and Chordata :
    (a) Classification and relationship of various phyla up to subclasses: Acoelomate and
    Coelomate, Protostomes and Deuterostomes, Bilateria and Radiata; Status of Protista,
    Parazoa, Onychophora and Hemichordata; Symmetry.
    (b) Protozoa: Locomotion, nutrition, reproduction, sex; General features and life history of
    Paramaecium, Monocystis. Plasmodium and Leishmania.
    (c) Porifera: Skeleton, canal system and reproduction.
    (d) Cnidaria: Polymorphism, defensive structures and their mechanism; coral reefs and
    their formation; metagenesis; general features and life history of Obelia and Aurelia.
    (e) Platyhelminthes: Parasitic adaptation; general features and life history of Fasciola and
    Taenia and their-Pathogenic symptoms.
    (f) Nemathelminthes: General features, life history, parasitic adaptation of Ascaris
    andWuchereria.
    (g) Annelida: Coelom and metamerism; modes of life in polychaetes; general features and
    life history of Nereis, earthworm and leach.
    (h) Arthropoda: Larval forms and parasitism in Crustacea; vision and respiration in
    arthropods (Prawn, cockroach and scorpion); modification of mouth, parts in insects
    (cockroach, mosquito, housefly, honey bee and butterfly), metapmor phosis in insect and
    its hormonal regulation, socialbehaviour ofApis and termites.
    (i) Molluscs: Feeding, respiration, locomotion, general features and life history of
    Lamellidens, Pila and Sepia. Torsion and detorsion in gastropods.
    (j) Echinodermata: Feeding, respiration, locomotion, larval forms, general features and
    life history of Asterias.
    (k) Protochordata: Origin of chordates; general features and life history of Branchiostoma
    and Herdmania.
    (l) Pisces: Respiration, locomotion and migration.
    (m) Amphibia: Origin of tetrapods, parental care, paedomorphosis.
    (n) Reptilia; Origin of reptiles, skull types, status of Sphenodon and crocodiles.
    (o) Aves: Origin of birds, flight adaptation, migration.
    (p) Mammalia: Origin of mammals, dentition, general features of egg laying mammals,
    pouchedmammals, aquatic mammals and primates, endocrine glands (pituitary, thyroid,
    parathyroid, adrenal, pancreas, gonads) and their interrelationships.
    (q) Comparative functional anatomy of various systems of vertebrates. (integument and
    its derivatives, endoskeleton, locomotory organs, digestive system,. respiratory system,
    circulatory system including heart and aortic arches, urinogenital system, brain and sense
    organs (eye and ear).
  • Ecology :
    (a) Biosphere: concept of biosphere; biomes, Biogeochemical cycles, Human induced changes
    in atmosphere including green house effect, ecological succession, biomes and ecotones,
    community ecology.
    (b) Concept of ecosystem; structure and function of ecosystem, types of ecosystem,
    ecological succession, ecological adaptation.
    (c) Population; characteristics, population dynamics, population stabilization.
    (d) Biodiversity and diversity conservation of natural resources.
    (e) Wildlife of India.
    (f) Remote sensing for sustainable development.
    (g) Environmental biodegradation; pollution and its impact on biosphere and its
    prevention.
  • Ethology :
    (a) Behaviour: Sensory filtering, responsiveness, sign stimuli, learning, and memory, instinct,
    habituation, conditioning, imprinting.
    (b) Role of hormones in drive; role of pheromones in alarm spreading; crypsis, predator
    detection, predator tactics, social hierarchies in primates, social organization in insects;
    (c) Orientation, navigation, homing; biological rhythms: biological clock, tidal, seasonal and
    circadian rhythms.
    (d) Methods of studying animal behaviour including sexual conflict, selfishness, kinship and
    altruism.
  • Economic Zoology :
    (a) Apiculture, sericulture, lac culture, carp culture, pearl culture, prawn culture,
    vermiculture.
    (b) Major infectious and communicable diseases (malaria, filaria, tuberculosis, cholera
    and AIDS) their vectors, pathogens and prevention.
    (c) Cattle and livestock diseases, their pathogen (helminths) and vectors (ticks, mites,
    Tabanus, Stomoxys).
    (d) Pests of sugar cane (Pyrilla perpusiella), oil seed (Achaeajanata) and rice (Sitophilus
    oryzae).
    (e) Transgenic animals.
    (f) Medical biotechnology, human genetic disease and genetic counselling, gene therapy.
    (g) Forensic biotechnology.
  • Biostatistics :
    Designing of experiments; null hypothesis; correlation, regression, distribution and measure
    of central
    tendency, chi square, student-test, F-test (one-way & two-way F-test).
  • Instrumentation methods :
    (a) Spectrophotometer, phase contrast and fluorescence microscopy, radioactive tracer, ultra
    centrifuge, gel . electrophoresis, PCR, ELISA, FISH and chromosome painting.
    (b) Electron microscopy (TEM, SEM).
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UPSC CSE Zoology Optional Syllabus for Paper-II
  • Cell Biology :
    (a) Structure and function of cell and its organelles (nucleus, plasma membrane,
    mitochondria, Golgi bodies, endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes and lysosomes), cell division
    (mitosis and meiosis), mitotic spindle and mitotic apparatus, chromosome movement
    chromosome type ploytene and lambrush, organization of chromatin, heterochromatin, Cell cycle
    regulation.
    (b) Nucleic acid topology, DNA motif, DNA replication, transcription, RNA processing, translation,
    protein foldings and transport.
  • Genetics :
    (a) Modern concept of gene, split gene, genetic regulation, genetic, code.
    (b) Sex chromosomes and their evolution, sex determination in Drosophila and human.
    (c) Mendel’s laws of inheritance, recombination, linkage, multiple alleles, genetics of blood groups,
    pedigree analysis, hereditary diseases in human.
    (d) Mutations and mutagenesis.
    (e) Recombinant DNA technology, plasmid, cosmid, artificial chromosomes as vectors, transgenics,
    DNA cloning and whole animal cloning (principles and methods).
    (f) Gene regulation and expression in prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
    (g) Signal molecules, cell death, defects in signaling pathway and consequences.
    (h) RFLP, RAPD and AFLF and application of RFLP in DNA finger-printing, ribozyme
    technologies, human genome project, genomics and protomics.
  • Evolution :
    (a) Theories of origin of life.
    (b) Theories of evolution; Natural selection, role of mutation in evolution, evolutionary patterns,
    molecular drive, mimicry, variation, isolation and speciation.
    (c) Evolution of horse, elephant and human using fossil data.
    (d) Hardy-Weinberg Law.
    (e) Continental drift and distribution of animals.
  • Systematics :
    Zoological nomenclature, international code, cladistics, molecular taxonomy and biodiversity.
  • Biochemistry :
    (a) Structure and role of carbohydrates, fats, fatty acids, cholesterol, proteins and amino-acids,
    nucleic acids. Bioenergetics.
    (b) Glycolysis and Krebs cycle, oxidation and reduction, oxidative phosphorylation; energy
    conservation and release, ATP, cycl cyclic AMP-its structure and role.
    (c) Hormone classification (steroid and peptide hormones), biosynthesis and functions.
    (d) Enzymes: types and mechanisms of action.
    (e) Vitamins and co-enzymes.
    (f) Immunoglobulin and immunity.
  • Physiology (with special reference to mammals) :
    (a) Composition and constituents of blood; blood groups and Rh factor in human; factors and
    mechanism of coagulation; iron metabolism, acid-base balance, thermo regulation, anticoagulants.
    (b) Haemoglobin: Composition, types and role in transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide.
    (c) Digestion and absorption: Role of salivary glands, liver, pancreas and intestinal glands.
    (d) Excretion: nephron and regulation of urine formation; osmo-regulation and excretory product.
    (e) Muscles: Types, mechanism of contraction of skeletal muscles, effects of exercise on muscles.
    (f) Neuron: nerve impulse—its conduction and synaptic transmission; neurotransmitters.
    (g) Vision, hearing and olfaction in human.
    (h) Physiology of reproduction puberty and menopause in human.
  • Developmental Biology :
    (a) Gametogenesis; spermatogenesis, composition of semen, in vitro and in vivo capacitation of
    mammalian sperm, Oogenesis, totipotency; fertilization, morphogenesis and morphogen;
    blastogeneis, establishment of body axes formation, fate map, gestulation in frog and chick; genes
    in development in chick homeotic genes, development of eye and heart, placenta in mammals.
    (b) Cell lineage, cell to cell interaction, Genetic and induced teratogenesis, role of thyroxine in
    control of metamorphosisin amphibia, paedogenesis and neoteny, cell death, aging.
    (c) Developmental genes in human, in vitro fertilization; and embryo transfer; cloning.
    (d) Stem cells: Sources, types and their use in human welfare.
    (e) Biogenetic law

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) On UPSC CSE Optional Syllabus 

Question- What is the UPSC’s Annual Programme (Calendar) of Examinations/RTs (Recruitment Tests)?
Answer – The UPSC publishes an Annual Programme (Calendar) of all the Structured Examinations/RTs conducted by it at least 6 months in advance (i.e. in June) for the Examinations/RTs to be conducted during the next calendar year. The Programme is uploaded on the UPSC’s website as also published in the leading news papers of the country. The date of issue of Examination Notice for each Examination is also mentioned in this Annual Programme.

Question- What happens if a candidate submits multiple online applications?
Answer – While a candidate should avoid submitting more than one online application, in case of doing so, the data provided in the last application (highest RID Number), that is successfully submitted online, is accepted by the Commission. All previous applications are ignored as these are amalgamated with the last completed & finally submitted application. If an applicant (who has already submitted an application successfully) wants to
make amendments in the application, then he has to submit a fresh application on or before the last date of submission of application of the Examination. Therefore, it must be ensured that fee is submitted against the
last online application only, which should also be complete in all respects including its final submission. Fee paid against one RID shall not be adjusted against any other RID number

Question- What action is taken by the Commission in case of submission of false information by the candidates?
Answer – A candidate found to be furnishing false information to the Commission or suppressing information, adopting various unfair means in the Examination like impersonation, cheating, etc., is liable to be disqualified
and/or debarred from writing UPSC Examinations as decided by the Commission. A detailed stipulation in this regard is incorporated in the Rules of Examination/ Examination Notices.

Birm Gehlot

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